What Is OSB Board?

OSB (Oriented Strand Board) is composed of over 90% wood, making it biodegradable and recyclable. It is a wood-based product primarily used in construction. OSB boards can be single-layered or multi-layered. Single-layered panels are often part of other wood-based boards, such as traditional particleboard. They are also used independently as construction and finishing materials.

How Is OSB Made?

OSB boards are produced by pressing rectangular wood strands (typically spruce or pine) under high temperature and pressure. The binding agent is a waterproof synthetic resin.

Types of OSB Boards – Which One to Choose?

The standard OSB thickness ranges from 8 to 33 mm and is usually not sanded. Depending on usage and manufacturing technology, OSB boards are classified into four types:

OSB 1

• General-purpose boards for dry conditions
• Available with straight or beveled edges
• Bonded with urea-formaldehyde resins, making them non-moisture-resistant unless treated
• Affordable and widely available

OSB 2

• Used mainly for interior applications
• Highly absorbent, requiring additional impregnation
• Primarily load-bearing boards bonded with synthetic resin

OSB 3 (Most Common Type)

• Suitable for high-humidity environments
• Highly resistant, thanks to:
  • Polyurethane adhesive in the inner layer
  • Melamine-urea resin in the outer layers
• Extended water exposure may cause edge swelling

OSB 4 (Strongest and Most Durable)

• Used for structural applications with high mechanical loads and humidity
• Applications include:
  • Roofing, skeletal wall construction, formwork, and eaves
  • Uninsulated structures (e.g., sheds, tool houses, dog kennels)

Advantages of OSB Boards

• High dimensional stability, consistent thickness, minimal warping
• Quick and cost-effective finishing, minimal mess, no extensive protection required
• Easy space rearrangement, allows partitioning without masonry work
• Simple installation, durable edges, no special fasteners needed
• Efficient material usage, minimal waste
• Long lifespan, no need for periodic maintenance
• Low moisture absorption, primed OSB boards do not crack or swell
• Easily cut and shaped into any design
• Good sound insulation, some variants provide fire and thermal protection
• Versatile application, suitable for both construction and finishing works
• Relatively low cost

OSB boards offer a broad range of applications and are widely used in construction and interior finishing.