{"id":278558,"date":"2021-01-08T12:15:57","date_gmt":"2021-01-08T12:15:57","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.sanier.pl\/bw-hasla\/cement\/"},"modified":"2025-02-25T13:55:24","modified_gmt":"2025-02-25T13:55:24","slug":"cement","status":"publish","type":"knowledgebase","link":"https:\/\/www.sanier.pl\/sk\/bw-hasla\/cement\/","title":{"rendered":"Cement"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>[vc_row][vc_column][vc_column_text]<\/p>\n<h1 data-start=\"36\" data-end=\"58\"><strong data-start=\"36\" data-end=\"58\">Cement - \u010do to je?<\/strong><\/h1>\n<p data-start=\"60\" data-end=\"397\">Hydraulick\u00e9 spojivo miner\u00e1lne, z\u00edskan\u00e9 zo surov\u00edn miner\u00e1lnych (margel alebo v\u00e1penec a hlina), ktor\u00e9 sa vyp\u00e1lia na klinker v cementovej peci a n\u00e1sledne sa zmel\u00fa s pridan\u00edm sadry, ktor\u00e1 sl\u00fa\u017ei ako regul\u00e1tor \u010dasu tuhnutia. Pou\u017e\u00edva sa na pr\u00edpravu cementov\u00fdch, cementovo-v\u00e1penn\u00fdch malty a bet\u00f3nov. Vyu\u017e\u00edva sa na sp\u00e1janie stavebn\u00fdch materi\u00e1lov.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"399\" data-end=\"631\">Cement je be\u017ene pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00e9 kon\u0161truk\u010dn\u00e9 lepidlo, teda zmes, ktor\u00e1 po zmie\u0161an\u00ed s vodou a in\u00fdmi zlo\u017ekami m\u00f4\u017ee tuhn\u00fa\u0165 vo vode alebo vo vzduchu. Ke\u010f t\u00e1to suspenzia stvrdne, vytvor\u00ed tvrd\u00e9 a pevn\u00e9 stavebn\u00e9 materi\u00e1ly - bet\u00f3n, malty, omietky.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"633\" data-end=\"964\">Bet\u00f3n sl\u00fa\u017ei na stavbu dosiek, \u017eelezobet\u00f3nov\u00fdch stropov a schodov. Malta je potrebn\u00e1 na stavan\u00ed stien z teh\u00e1l, blokov alebo kame\u0148ov. Na dokon\u010denie vn\u00fatorn\u00fdch a vonkaj\u0161\u00edch stien pou\u017e\u00edvame omietky. Bet\u00f3nov\u00e1 dla\u017eba, palice a plotov\u00e9 dosky s\u00fa vyroben\u00e9 zo zmesi obsahuj\u00facej cement. V z\u00e1vislosti od zlo\u017eenia existuje mnoho druhov cementu.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"966\" data-end=\"1088\">Mnoh\u00e9 z nich s\u00fa produkty ur\u010den\u00e9 pre konkr\u00e9tne aplik\u00e1cie. Na trhu je aj mnoho cementov, ktor\u00e9 mo\u017eno pou\u017ei\u0165 na stavbu domov.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"1090\" data-end=\"1115\"><strong data-start=\"1090\" data-end=\"1115\">Klasifik\u00e1cia cementu:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul data-start=\"1116\" data-end=\"1269\">\n<li data-start=\"1116\" data-end=\"1145\">CEM I \u2013 portlandsk\u00fd cement,<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"1146\" data-end=\"1184\">CEM II \u2013 zlo\u017een\u00fd portlandsk\u00fd cement,<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"1185\" data-end=\"1213\">CEM III \u2013 hutn\u00edcky cement,<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"1214\" data-end=\"1243\">CEM IV \u2013 pucol\u00e1nov\u00fd cement,<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"1244\" data-end=\"1269\">CEM V \u2013 zlo\u017een\u00fd cement.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p data-start=\"1271\" data-end=\"1296\"><strong data-start=\"1271\" data-end=\"1296\">Klasifik\u00e1cia pevnosti<\/strong><\/p>\n<p data-start=\"1298\" data-end=\"1458\">V z\u00e1vislosti od pevnosti v tlaku (meranej po 28 d\u0148och), ozna\u010denej pod\u013ea PN-EN 196-1, rozli\u0161ujeme tri triedy pevnosti (pevnos\u0165 v tlaku v N\/mm2; 1 MPa = 1 N\/mm2):<\/p>\n<ul data-start=\"1460\" data-end=\"1504\">\n<li data-start=\"1460\" data-end=\"1474\">trieda 32,5,<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"1475\" data-end=\"1489\">trieda 42,5,<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"1490\" data-end=\"1504\">trieda 52,5.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p data-start=\"1506\" data-end=\"1742\">Tieto tri triedy sa delia pod\u013ea svojej po\u010diato\u010dnej pevnosti na cement s vysokou po\u010diato\u010dnou pevnos\u0165ou (ozna\u010den\u00fd symbolom R): 32,5R, 42,5R, 52,5R, a na cement so norm\u00e1lnou po\u010diato\u010dnou pevnos\u0165ou (ozna\u010den\u00fd symbolom N): 32,5N, 42,5N, 52,5N.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"1744\" data-end=\"1780\"><strong data-start=\"1744\" data-end=\"1780\">Zlo\u017eenie cementu m\u00f4\u017ee obsahova\u0165:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul data-start=\"1782\" data-end=\"3011\">\n<li data-start=\"1782\" data-end=\"1953\"><strong data-start=\"1784\" data-end=\"1801\">Hlavn\u00e9 zlo\u017eky<\/strong> \u2013 \u0161peci\u00e1lne vybran\u00e9 neorganick\u00e9 materi\u00e1ly, ktor\u00fdch podiel vo vz\u0165ahu k celkovej hmotnosti v\u0161etk\u00fdch hlavn\u00fdch a ved\u013eaj\u0161\u00edch zlo\u017eiek presahuje 5% hmotnosti;<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"1954\" data-end=\"2130\"><strong data-start=\"1956\" data-end=\"1976\">Ved\u013eaj\u0161ie zlo\u017eky<\/strong> \u2013 \u0161peci\u00e1lne vybran\u00e9 neorganick\u00e9 materi\u00e1ly, ktor\u00fdch podiel vo vz\u0165ahu k celkovej hmotnosti v\u0161etk\u00fdch hlavn\u00fdch a ved\u013eaj\u0161\u00edch zlo\u017eiek nepresahuje 5% hmotnosti;<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"2131\" data-end=\"2449\"><strong data-start=\"2133\" data-end=\"2151\">S\u00edran v\u00e1penat\u00fd<\/strong> \u2013 pridan\u00fd k in\u00fdm zlo\u017ek\u00e1m cementu po\u010das jeho v\u00fdroby na regul\u00e1ciu \u010dasu tuhnutia. S\u00edran v\u00e1penat\u00fd m\u00f4\u017ee by\u0165 pr\u00edtomn\u00fd ako sadra, polohydr\u00e1t alebo anhydrid, alebo ako ich zmes. Sadra a anhydrid s\u00fa pr\u00edrodn\u00e9 materi\u00e1ly. S\u00edran v\u00e1penat\u00fd je tie\u017e dostupn\u00fd ako ved\u013eaj\u0161\u00ed produkt niektor\u00fdch priemyseln\u00fdch procesov;<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"2450\" data-end=\"3011\"><strong data-start=\"2452\" data-end=\"2463\">Pr\u00edsady<\/strong> \u2013 pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00e9 na u\u013eah\u010denie v\u00fdroby alebo zlep\u0161enie vlastnost\u00ed cementu. Celkov\u00e1 hmotnos\u0165 pr\u00edsad by nemala presiahnu\u0165 1% hmotnosti cementu (okrem pigmentov). Mno\u017estvo organick\u00fdch pr\u00edsad, prepo\u010d\u00edtan\u00e9 na such\u00fd stav, by nemalo presiahnu\u0165 0,5% hmotnosti cementu. Pr\u00edsady by nemali sp\u00f4sobi\u0165 kor\u00f3ziu v\u00fdstu\u017ee alebo zhor\u0161i\u0165 vlastnosti cementu, bet\u00f3nu alebo malty. Ke\u010f sa do cementu prid\u00e1vaj\u00fa pr\u00edsady pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00e9 do bet\u00f3nu, malty alebo pasty, v s\u00falade so s\u00e9riou noriem EN 934, na vreciach alebo v dodacom dokumente by mala by\u0165 uveden\u00e1 normalizovan\u00e1 n\u00e1zov pr\u00edsady.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p data-start=\"3013\" data-end=\"3058\" data-is-last-node=\"\" data-is-only-node=\"\"><strong data-start=\"3013\" data-end=\"3058\" data-is-last-node=\"\">Viac o Cemente n\u00e1jdete pod t\u00fdmto <a href=\"https:\/\/www.sanier.pl\/chemia-budowlana-cement-portlandzki\/\">odkazom<\/a>.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row][vc_column][vc_single_image image=\"256808\" img_size=\"large\" alignment=\"center\"][\/vc_column][\/vc_row]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":280347,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","categories":[875],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-278558","knowledgebase","type-knowledgebase","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-baza-wiedzy-sk"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.sanier.pl\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/knowledgebase\/278558","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.sanier.pl\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/knowledgebase"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.sanier.pl\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/knowledgebase"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.sanier.pl\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.sanier.pl\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=278558"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.sanier.pl\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/knowledgebase\/278558\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.sanier.pl\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/280347"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.sanier.pl\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=278558"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.sanier.pl\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=278558"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.sanier.pl\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=278558"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}